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Basanite  and Travertine


Travertine and Basanite 


Definition

Definition
Basanite is a black basaltic rock which mainly contains plagioclase, augite, olivine and nepheline and is formerly used as a touchstone   
Travertine is a mineral consisting of layered calcium carbonate formed by deposition from spring waters   

History
  
  

Origin
Unknown   
Italy   

Discoverer
Unknown   
Marcus Vitruvius Pollio   

Etymology
From Latin basanites + -ite   
From Italian travertino a kind of building stone, from Tiburs, adjective from Tibur (Tivoli), in Italy   

Class
Igneous Rocks   
Sedimentary Rocks   

Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Hard Rock   
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock   

Family
  
  

Group
Not Applicable   
Not Applicable   

Other Categories
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock   
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock   

Texture

Texture
Aphanitic to Porphyritic   
Banded   

Color
Black, Brown, Green, Grey, Red, White   
Beige, Black, Blue, Brown, Grey, Red, White, Yellow   

Maintenance
Less   
Less   

Durability
Durable   
Durable   

Water Resistant
Yes   
Yes   

Scratch Resistant
Yes   
Yes   

Stain Resistant
Yes   
Yes   

Wind Resistant
Yes   
Yes   

Acid Resistant
Yes   
Yes   

Appearance
Glassy or Pearly   
Fibrous   

Uses

Architecture
  
  

Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Homes   
Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration   

Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings   
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings   

Other Architectural Uses
Whetstones   
Curbing   

Industry
  
  

Construction Industry
Arrowheads, Construction Aggregate, Cutting Tool, Spear Points   
As Dimension Stone, Building houses or walls, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar   

Medical Industry
Not Yet Used   
Not Yet Used   

Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Monuments   
Artifacts, Jewellery, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines   

Other Uses
  
  

Commercial Uses
As a touchstone, Creating Artwork, Gemstone, In fire-starting tools, Manufacture of tools, Metallurgical Flux, Jewelry, To ignite fire, Used in flintlock firearms   
Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork, Gemstone, Jewelry, Paper Industry, Pottery   

Types

Types
Nepheline-Basanite, Analcite-Basanite and Leucite-Basanite   
Not Available   

Features
Clasts are smooth to touch, Easily splits into thin plates, Has High structural resistance against erosion and climate, Used as a touchstone   
Stalactites and stalagmites are formed from this rock, Surfaces are often shiny, Very fine grained rock   

Archaeological Significance
  
  

Monuments
Used   
Used   

Famous Monuments
Data Not Available   
Colosseum in Rome, Italy, Sacré Coeur in Paris, France, Trevi Fountain in Rome, Italy   

Sculpture
Not Yet Used   
Used   

Famous Sculptures
Not Applicable   
Data Not Available   

Pictographs
Not Used   
Used   

Petroglyphs
Not Used   
Used   

Figurines
Not Yet Used   
Used   

Fossils
Absent   
Present   

Formation

Formation
Basanite is a fine-grained, hard rock that forms when bits of lava shoot out of volcanoes.   
Travertine is a type of sedimentary rock formed when a river carries or transports pieces of broken rock which then undergo sedimentation. They are then subjected to high temperature and pressure hence forming travertine rock.   

Composition
  
  

Mineral Content
Augite, Feldspar, Ilmenite, Olivine, Plagioclase   
Calcite, Clay, Feldspar, Micas, Quartz   

Compound Content
Potassium Oxide, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide   
Ca, NaCl, CaO, Oxygen   

Transformation
  
  

Metamorphism
Yes   
No   

Types of Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism   
Not Applicable   

Weathering
Yes   
Yes   

Types of Weathering
Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering   
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering   

Erosion
Yes   
Yes   

Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion   
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion   

Properties

Physical Properties
  
  

Hardness
7   
3-4   

Grain Size
Fine Grained   
Fine Grained   

Fracture
Uneven, Splintery or Conchoidal   
Splintery   

Streak
White   
White   

Porosity
Highly Porous   
Highly Porous   

Luster
Waxy and Dull   
Dull to Pearly   

Compressive Strength
Not Available   
80.00 N/mm2   
23

Cleavage
Non-Existent   
Non-Existent   

Toughness
1.5   
1   

Specific Gravity
2.5-2.8   
1.68   

Transparency
Translucent to Opaque   
Opaque   

Density
2.7 g/cm3   
2.71 g/cm3   

Thermal Properties
  
  

Specific Heat Capacity
0.74 kJ/Kg K   
19
1.09 kJ/Kg K   
8

Resistance
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant   
Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant   

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  

Asia
Not Yet Found   
China, Russia   

Africa
Uganda   
Not Yet Found   

Europe
Germany, Hungary, Italy, Spain   
Austria, Italy, Portugal, United Kingdom   

Others
Greenland, Mid-Atlantic Ridge   
Not Yet Found   

Deposits in Western Continents
  
  

North America
USA   
Canada, USA   

South America
Bolivia, Brazil   
Argentina, Bolivia, Ecuador   

Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  

Australia
New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia   
Not Yet Found   

Summary >>
<< Reserves

All about Basanite  and Travertine Properties

Know all about Basanite  and Travertine properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Basanite  belongs to Igneous Rocks while Travertine belongs to Sedimentary Rocks.Texture of Basanite  is Aphanitic to Porphyritic whereas that of Travertine is Banded. Basanite  appears Glassy or Pearly and Travertine appears Fibrous. The luster of Basanite  is waxy and dull while that of Travertine is dull to pearly. Basanite  is available in black, brown, green, grey, red, white colors whereas Travertine is available in beige, black, blue, brown, grey, red, white, yellow colors. The commercial uses of Basanite  are as a touchstone, creating artwork, gemstone, in fire-starting tools, manufacture of tools, metallurgical flux, jewelry, to ignite fire, used in flintlock firearms and that of Travertine are cemetery markers, creating artwork, gemstone, jewelry, paper industry, pottery.

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